Pipe-joint.



H. G. GILLMOR & W. R. HAYSOM. PIPE JOINT. APPLIUATION FILED JAN. 6, 1908.

m V ammow .fi /M I 2.5%.

Patented Nov. 26, 1912.

some a. amnion. Ann WI-ELI} 3;. Esteem, or corner, mssacnusnrrs.

. Be it known that we,"HonA'r1o GQ'GILL- the United States, residin county of Norfolk, State of have invented new and useful Improvements in Pipe loints, of which. the follow ing is a specification.

. Our invention relates to pipe joints, and one of the objects of the invention to-pro,--

duce a; joint which shall be perfectly tight at high pressures and high temperatures.

Another object is-to provide for securing the joint flanges'to-the pipe without reducing the strength of the pipe at the joint and insure that thejplane .of the face of the flange shall'be at right angles to the axis of the Otherobjeots offthe invention are to produce ajoint in which the e as of the pack ing are protected and in w ch a metallic packing may be employed, and .to rovide for correcting any defect which may evelop after the joint has been in use without breakin the joint.

mafter appear and to these ends our invention consists of a pipe joint embodyin the features of construction, combination o elements, and arrangement of arts, substantially as hereinafter describe and. set forth in the drawing which is-a longitudinal section of a pipe joint embodying the invention. In the drawing 0) represents the pipes and (b) flanges e interior surfaces of which are formed cylindrical for short portions of thellength of the flanges as at '(e) and (d) of diameters e ual to the exte .(e) betweenthe c ortions' for the greater POI'lIIOIl-Q the len of the flange.

(f) represents convex portions formed upon the pipe after the flanges-have been placed in position to com letely fill and rmg the outer surfaces 0 the pipe into very intimate contact at all .pointswith the concave surfaces of the interior of the flange. The endxsurfaces of-thefpi at (g)"and the'faces o t eflang'es-are in '2') represents thep c' or gasket.

In) and (Z) are, respect vely, bolts and nutsforsecurmg the flanges together. (m represents an enlarged bolt hole in on .ange, and (a) a made to fit assachusetts,

ther objects ofour invention will herernal diameter of the pipi: (av and concave as at es are in contact flanges forming the joint are bro be joined coincide.

rirn momr.

I I 4 1,045,389. I Specifleatmofletters 2m Patented Nov. 2a, 1912.

flpplication fled January 6-,.1908. Seria1Ro. 409,487. To kill whom it may concern: closel around the bolt (70) and into the enlar e hole (m).'- MOB and-WILLIAM R. 'HAYSOM, citizens of j holes. on the face. sides of the flan "0) represents enlargements of; the bolt vide space into which any excess 0 the pack- 7 mg material may flow as indicated at (p),

when pressure is brought upon it by setting up on the bolts and nuts securing the flanges. The convex surfaces (e) are made s mme'trical about the plane indicated by (X.-

which plane 1s at r, ht angles to the axis of the pipe, and the aces of the fla es (1;)

are made'parallel to this plane (25 Each flange is secured tothe pipe before the pipe placed position by placing the flange upon the pipe (at and then ex andor'stretchihg-at (f) the material (if the pipe so that t e exterior of the pipe is rought into intimate contact with the interior of the flan over the whole of the convex surfaces on the flange. In this way a perfect joint is formed between the interior of the flange and the exteriorof the pipe, and the'material of either the pipe or the flange, which would require to be sheared before the pipe could be withdrawn from the flange along surfaces indicated by (Y Y) in the figure, is so great as to prevent withdrawal of the pipe from the flange even though very heavy stresses tending to withdraw the pipe should be brought u on the joint. Since the concave surfaces 0 the interior of the flange are symmetrical aboht es to pro-.

lar to the axis of the p pe and parallel to 'the face of the flan e, a process of expanding the pipe into t, e flange automatically brings the face of the flange perpendicular to the axis of the pipe so that when the two sh gether the axes of the two pieces of pipe to The ends of the pipe, after the flanges have been secured, may be faced of true with the faces of the flange, so that when the joint is made upfthe ends of the pipe are in intimate contact with .oneanother and .a metal to metal joint formed}; the ends of the pipe bearing upon one anot r. The faces of the flanges intial plane surfaces (h) at the outer and in- 'ner.edges =o f the flanges, which surfaces bear upon one another when the flanges a e 1n 1.10

position, and leave between the flanges an I intermediate flat annular "space to receive the gasket or packing material (5); and in this way the gasket or packing material is 5 retained in. a fully closed space and the edges of the gasket protected. J s

For gasket or packing material any suitable compressible material may be employed. though we prefer to use a metallic materia such, for example, as lead in which some flow may be produced by the exercise of considerable pressure. This gasket when placed before the joint is fully set up, is constructed thicker than the thickness of the annular space left betw en the contacting portions (h) of the flanges when the joint is made up, and as pressure is brought upon the gasket or packing material in setting up the bolts and nuts securing the flanges, the flow of the metallic gasket is produced so that the whole of the fiat annular space is filled by the metallic gasket and the excess of material forced into the s aces (0) provided for this urpose aroun the bolt holes on the face si es of the flanges as indicated at (p).- In this way, when the joint is made up, the ends of the ipe at the joint are in contact with one anot er at (g) and the faces of the'flanges are also in con- 3 tact with one another at the surfaces (It) at the inside .edges of the flanges, and the packing material is forced into intimate contact with both flanges and portions of the bolts so that the packing or gasket prevents entirely the escape of fluid, for the transmission of whi h the pipes are employed, through the jo nt. Forming the sur faces of the interior of. the flanges in accordance with ourinvention and expanding the 40 pipes into contact with the convex interior surfaces of the flanges prevents any escape of fluid between a flange and the pipe should I the contact of the lane ends of the pipe be such as to permit ihakage at this point. It

'45 is ossible in this way to roduce a joint which may be employed wit ii fluids at very high temperature such, for example,- as highly superheated steam, and at high pressure, which will be perfectly tightainder all 5 conditions.

Toprovide for correcting any defects in tightness which may develop after the joint has been made up, one or more of the bolt holes for the flan e is made large, as-indie cated" at (m) and here is fitted around the bolt and into this enlarged hole a bushing g (n) the flange end of which acts as a washer for thenut. Should then the compressible packing material not'have filled all of the co space to make a tight joint between the flange faces, additional packing material may be placed in the annular space surrounding the bolt and the bushing replaced. U on setting u the nut (l) bearing upon this bushing, t e compressible material is forced into the joint and further flow of .the packin material produced to make this materialfflow into allof the, spaces and come into intimate contact with the flange faces so asto form a perfectly tight joint. This may be done at any time so t at should leaks develop after the joint has been in service, v any defect in tightness of the joint may be corrected without breaking and renewing the joint.

Obviously, some features of this invention may be'used without others, and the invention may be embodied in-widely varying forms; therefore, without limiting our invention to the construction shown or described, or enumerating equivalents,

What we claim and desire by Letters Patent is,-.

. 1. In a pipe joint, the combination of two pipe sections with a flange secured to the end 5 of each section, said-flanges and pi e sections being adaptedto fit against eac other end to end, forming a metal joint, each flange being provided with a complete shallow internal concave surface extending over the greater portion ;of the length of the flange as it fits on the pipe section, said surfaces being constructed as surfaces of revolution about an axis perpendicular to the faces of said flanges, and said pipe sections 5 each having an external surface expanded 1 into intimate contact with the circumfer ential concave surface of the corresponding flange to form a fluid-tight joint. between V the pipe section and t e. correspondin 0 flange, and to secure said flange upon said pipe section .withits face perpendicular to the axis of said pipe, substantially as described.

2. A pipe joint, including two pipe sec- 05 tions with a flange secured to the end of each section said flanges being adapted to fit'against each other, each flange being provided with a complete, shallow, internal concave surface extendin over the greater 1 portion of the length of file flange as it fits on the pipe section, symmetrical about an axis perpendicular to the face of said flange and perpendicular to the axis of the corresponding pipe section, and said pipe sections 5 each having .an external surface expanded into intimate contact with the circumferential concave surface of the corres onding flange to form a fluid tight joint etween the pipe section and the corresponding 1'20 flange, and means for securing saidflanges together.

3. A pipe joint, including, in'coinbination,

a pipe section and a flange provided with a complete, shallow, internal,-concave surface extend over the greater portion of the length '0 said flange as it fits on the pipe section, said pipe section having an ex ternal surface expanded into intimate contact with the circumferential concave surface of said flange to make a fluid-tight joint between said pipe section and said flange. Y

4.. In a pipe joint, the combination'of two pipe sections, a flange secured to each of said pipe sections, said flanges being provided with a recess on the ends thereof'for .the corresponding flange, thereb forming a fluid tight joint, and means or securing flanges together, substantially as described.

5. In a pipe joint, thecombination of two pipe sections adapted "to, fit against each other end'to, end, a flange securedto the ends of each of said pipe sections, each'of said I flanges having aflat, internal face interfr inside and outside of said gasket space, forminga metalto metal joint, each of said ruptedby a shallow gasket space, said'fianges being adapted to fit against each other both flanges being'provi'd'ed with a shallow, in, ternal concave surface extending around the entire circumference and for the greater portion of the length of said flange as it fits on the pipe section and symmetrical about an axis perpendicular to' the axis of the .pipe section, and each of said pipe section's having near its-end a convex surface ex- I f pendedout into intimatdcontact, along its 7 entire circumference, with the concave surface of the corresponding flange, a gasket between said flanges, and means for securing said flanges together, ,substantlally as de scribed.

6. In a pipejoint,the combination of two pipe'sections adapted to fit'a'gainst each other end to end, a flange securedto each of said pipe sections at its end, the ends .of said. flanges being each rovided with a gasket space'and adapted to fit closely against each other, both inside and outside of said gasket space, said flanges being provided at intervals with surplus material spaces opening into said gasket space, a metalll'c gasket adapted to flow under heavy pressure, filling said gasket space, and means for securing said flanges together and causing said gasket to flow and fill the gasket space and portions of the surplus material spaces, substantially as'- described.

7. A pipe joint, including in combination ,cut away so as to leave aflattened annular space, compressible pacln'ng material within said annular space, bolts and nuts for. securing said flanges together, said flanges being provided with perforations through which said bolts may pass, and the perforations.

being at some points larger than the bolts, and washers adapted to fit around said bolts and into the openings in one of said flanges, substantially as described.

9. A pipe joint comprising two pipe sections adapted to fit against each other end to end, a flange secured to the end 'of each of said pipe sections, said flange being provided with a shallow internal groove extending around its entire circumference, and the corresponding pipe section beingexpanded to fit into said groove, said flanges being adapted to fit against each other endv to end, but cut away so as to leavea flattened annular space between them, bolts and nuts for securing said flanges together, one of said flanges being provided with perforations larger thansaid bolts, and the other of said flanges being provided with perforations into which said bolts exactly fit, said perforations being enlarged on one side, compressible'p'acking material introduced into said flattened annular space, and a cylindrical washer for each bolt adapted to fit within the corresponding perforation in one of said flanges, substantially as described.

10. A pipe joint, including, in combination, two flanges, each provided with a complete, shallow, internal, concave surface extending over the entire circumference and the greater portion of the length of the flange, with an external circumferential surface of a pipe section expanded into intimate contact with the interior concave surface of said flange to form a fluid-tight jointpand a gasket between said flanges.

i In testimony whereof we have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

H. G. GILLMOR.

'W. 'R. HAYSOM.

In'presence of V Josnrn Wrnxms,

Gno. A. 

